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The most basic meaning of the word "Kiddush" is differentiation and differentiation, through Kiddush we declare the Sabbath as a day separate and holy from the other days of the week, thus fulfilling the fourth commandment of the Ten Commandments: "Remember the Sabbath day to keep it holy".
According to Halacha, drinking wine is not part of the original mitzvah of the Torah, but an addition from the words of the sages. Sages determined that the proper way to remember the sanctity of the Sabbath is through drinking wine.
It turns out that the wine is not only a symbol of festivities and respect, it also leaves a strong impression on the memory.
The distinct connection between wine and memory can be seen in the prophecy of Hosea the prophet, who describes the good condition of the people of Israel, after they repent and return to God, with the words "I will return to those who dwell in his shadow, they will live as grain and flourish as a vine, remember him as the wine of Lebanon", and also King Solomon in the song The songs describe how the people of Israel remember God's love even more than a person remembers and misses the good wine he drank: "We will remember your uncle from wine."
Because of this the sages taught that the mitzvah must be fulfilled
To "remember" the Sabbath precisely through wine
